In a Gazeta.pl podcast, Aleksander Kwaśniewski comments on accusations of PiS being pro-Russian and points out the exaggeration in the narrative about Russian intelligence operations in Poland.

An analysis of Dawid Wildstein's article on conspiracy theories and manipulation in Polish politics, in the context of the propaganda war between PiS and PO.

In this article, I undertake an amateur analysis and engage in a debate with the theses presented by Adam Majchrzak from demagog.org.pl regarding the theories about the bombings in Russia in 1999. I focus on the challenges associated with information analysis, presenting arguments for and against classifying this theory as a conspiracy. Can we indeed dismiss this theory as incredible, or should we seek deeper reasons for its disavowal? I aim to draw attention to the complex boundary between confirmed fact and interpretation in the world of fact-checking and information analysis, as well as the consequences that interpretative choices lead to.